Rule Out Normal Tension Glaucoma in a Young Woman (JEDD)

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A 44 year-old Caucasian woman presented with one year of dLfcult\ driving at night. She perceived an intermittent Ù½lm over the inferior part of her vision in both eyes that was worse in the dark. An outside ophthalmologist noted bilateral inferior arcuate defects on visual Ù½elds (Figure 1) and referred her for possible glaucoma.

Нere was no sLJnLfcant ocular history. Her medical history was remarkable for pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) and obstructive sleep apnea. Medications included leuprorelin and fulvestrant, both anti-estrogen drugs used in the treatment of LAM. Нe patient’s mother had type 1 diabetes mellitus, and her maternal aunt had an optic neuropathy of unknown cause.

Examination showed best-corrected visual acuities of 20/20-1 OU, intraocular pressures of 16 mm Hg OU, normally reactive pupils, and no dyschromatopsia. Central corneal thicknesses were 560 um bilaterally, and gonioscopy revealed open angles without increased pigmentation. Her anterior segment exam was unremarkable. Fundus examination revealed bilateral hypoplastic optic nerves greatest superiorly without enlarged cup to disc ratios (Figure 2). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) confrmed hypoplastic nerves with small cup to disc ratios and thinning of the retinal nerve Ù½ber layer (RNFL) superiorly (Figure 3). Further workup revealed normal MRI of the orbits with and without contrast, and normal full feld and multifocal ERG.

Upon further questioning, it was revealed that the patient’s halfsister (same mother) also had an optic neuropathy with inferior visual feld loss in the right eye. Examination of the sister showed superior optic nerve hypoplasia, more sLJnLÙ½cantl\ aوٴectLnJ the right eye.

Our patient was subsequently diagnosed with superior segmental optic nerve hypoplasia.

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